Molecular Biology

Nucleic acids convey genetic information. AVERY’S BOMBSHELL: DNA CAN CARRY GENETIC SPECIFICITY, THE DOUBLE HELIX, THE GENETIC INFORMATION WITHIN DNA IS CONVEYED BY THE SEQUENCE OF ITS FOUR NUCLEOTIDE BUILDING BLOCKS, THE CENTRAL DOGMA, ESTABLISHING THE DIRECTION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Weak and strong chemical bonds. CHARACTERISTICS OF CHEMICAL BONDS, THE CONCEPT OF FREE ENERGY, WEAK BONDS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, HIGH-ENERGY BONDS, MOLECULES THAT DONATE ENERGY ARE THERMODYNAMICALLY UNSTABLE, ENZYMES LOWER ACTIVATION ENERGIES IN BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS, FREE ENERGY IN BIOMOLECULES

The Structure of DNA DNA STRUCTURE, DNA TOPOLOGY

The Structure and Versatility of RNA RNA CONTAINS RIBOSE AND URACIL AND IS USUALLY SINGLE-STRANDED, RNA CHAINS FOLD BACK ON THEMSELVES TO FORM LOCAL REGIONS OF DOUBLE HELIX SIMILAR TO A-FORM DNA, RNA CAN FOLD UP INTO COMPLEX TERTIARY STRUCTURES, NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTIONS IN COMBINATION WITH CHEMICAL PROBING PREDICT RNA STRUCTURE, DIRECTED EVOLUTION SELECTS RNAs THAT BIND SMALL MOLECULES, SOME RNAs ARE ENZYMES

The Structure of Proteins THE BASICS, IMPORTANCE OF WATER, PROTEIN STRUCTURE CAN BE DESCRIBED AT FOUR LEVELS PROTEIN DOMAINS, FROM AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE TO THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE, CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN PROTEINS, PROTEINS AS AGENTS OF SPECIFIC MOLECULAR RECOGNITION, ENZYMES: PROTEINS AS CATALYSTS, REGULATION OF PROTEIN ACTIVITY

Techniques of Molecular Biology NUCLEIC ACIDS: BASIC METHODS, GENOMICS, PROTEINS, PROTEOMICS, NUCLEIC ACID–PROTEIN INTERACTIONS

Genome Structure, Chromatin, and the Nucleosome GENOME SEQUENCE AND CHROMOSOME DIVERSITY, CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION AND SEGREGATION, THE NUCLEOSOME, HIGHER-ORDER CHROMATIN STRUCTURE, REGULATION OF CHROMATIN STRUCTURE, NUCLEOSOME ASSEMBLY

The Replication of DNA THE CHEMISTRY OF DNA SYNTHESIS, THE MECHANISM OF DNA POLYMERASE, THE REPLICATION FORK, THE SPECIALIZATION OF DNA POLYMERASES, DNA SYNTHESIS AT THE REPLICATION FORK, INITIATION OF DNA REPLICATION, BINDING AND UNWINDING: ORIGIN SELECTION AND ACTIVATION BY THE INITIATOR PROTEIN, FINISHING REPLICATION

The Mutability and Repair of DNA REPLICATION ERRORS AND THEIR REPAIR, DNA DAMAGE, REPAIR AND TOLERANCE OF DNA DAMAGE

Mechanisms of Transcription THE TRANSCRIPTION CYCLE IN BACTERIA, TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTES, TRANSCRIPTION BY RNA POLYMERASES I AND III

RNA Splicing THE CHEMISTRY OF RNA SPLICING, THE SPLICEOSOME MACHINERY, SPLICING PATHWAYS, VARIANTS OF SPLICING, ALTERNATIVE SPLICING, EXON SHUFFLING, RNA EDITING, mRNA TRANSPORT

Translation MESSENGER RNA, TRANSFER RNA, ATTACHMENT OF AMINO ACIDS TO tRNA, THE RIBOSOME, INITIATION OF TRANSLATION, TRANSLATION ELONGATION, TERMINATION OF TRANSLATION, REGULATION OF TRANSLATION, TRANSLATION-DEPENDENT REGULATION OF mRNA AND PROTEIN STABILITY